En 1962, il fait une retentissante rentrée avec Neuf Jours d'une année, remarquable profession de foi humaniste à propos des problèmes de conscience d'un physicien nucléaire déchiré entre ses dangereuses activités professionnelles et sa vie sentimentale, et tourmenté par ses responsabilités de savant travaillant à la mise au point de la bombe atomique ; la modernité de son expression filmique assure à cette œuvre une place de choix dans le courant de la Nouvelle Vague alors en plein épanouissement. Il témoigne à nouveau de son intérêt pour les grands thèmes de réflexion dans le Fascisme ordinaire (1965), où il rassemble et commente des documents d'archives pour montrer les manifestations quotidiennes du phénomène nazi et dénoncer ses résurgences contemporaines. Et c'est à une actualité plus globale et plus brûlante qu'il s'attache dans ‘ Et pourtant je crois ’ (1975 — après sa mort, le film sera terminé par Guerman Lavrov, Elem Klimov et Marlen Khoutziev), où il esquisse une histoire politique de notre siècle et stigmatise de manière très polémique les errements idéologiques qu'il décèle à l'Ouest (bellicisme, nihilisme, maoïsme) et les responsabilités qu'il leur attribue dans la tension internationale.
Films :
Boule-de-Suif (Pyška, 1934) ; ‘ les Treize (Trinadcat ’, 1937) ; Lénine en octobre (Lenin v Oktjabre, id.) ; Lénine en 1918 (Lenin v 1918 godu, 1939) ; ‘ le Rêve ’ (Mečta, 1943 [RÉ 1941]) ; Matricule 217 (Čelovek No 217, 1945) ; ‘ la Question russe ’ (Russkij vopros, 1948) ; ‘ Vladimir Ilitch Lénine ’ (Vladimir Il'ič Lenin, DOC, id.) ; ‘ Documents cinématographiques sur V. I. Lénine ’ (Kinodokumenty o V. I. Lenin, 1949) ; ‘ Mission secrète ’ (Sekretnaja missija, 1950) ; ‘ Amiral Ouchakov ’ (Admiral Ušakov, 1953) ; ‘ Les navires attaquent les bastions ’ (Korabli šturmujut bastiony, id) ; ‘ Meurtre dans la rue Dante ’ (Ubijstvo na ulice Dante, 1956) ; ‘ Lénine vivant ’ (Živoj Lenin, 1958) ; Neuf Jours d'une année (Devat ‘ dnej odnogo goda, 1962) ; le Fascisme ordinaire (Obyknovennyj fašizm ; DOC, 1965) ; ‘ les Premières Pages ’ (Pervye stranicy, DOC, CO S. Linkov et K. Osin, 1971) ; ‘ Et pourtant je crois ’ (I vsë taki ja verju, DOC, 1975).
RONDI (Brunello)
cinéaste et scénariste italien (Tirano 1924 - Rome 1989).
Assistant et coscénariste de Ultimo amore (Luigi Chiarini, 1947), il collabore ensuite à deux films de Rossellini, Onze Fioretti de François d'Assise (1950) et Europe 51 (1952). Depuis la Strada (1954), il travaille à tous les films de Fellini en tant que coscénariste et conseiller artistique. Il collabore aussi aux scénarios des films de Bolognini (Arabella, 1967), De Sica (le Temps des amants, 1968), Festa Campanile (Scacco alla regina, 1970). Il passe à la mise en scène en 1962 (après quelques courts métrages) en collaboration avec Paolo Heusch : Una vita violenta, un drame réaliste d'inspiration pasolinienne. Son deuxième film, Il demonio (1964), est une intéressante analyse ethnographique de la superstition en Lucanie. Les suivants exploitent le filon de l'érotisme commercial sans ambition ni originalité particulières.
RONET (Maurice)
acteur et cinéaste français (Nice 1927 - Paris 1983).
Formé au Conservatoire, c'est un comédien fin, élégant, nourri de Céline et de philosophie pessimiste. Jacques Becker le fait débuter à l'écran dans Rendez-Vous de juillet (1949). Il n'atteint les premiers rôles qu'une dizaine d'années plus tard, dans deux films que Louis Malle semble avoir écrits pour lui : Ascenseur pour l'échafaud (1958) et le Feu follet (1963). Il s'identifie alors à des personnages inquiets, habités par un mal de vivre qui s'apparente à celui des « hussards » de l'après-guerre. Il s'est également essayé à la mise en scène : le Voleur du Tibidabo (1965), Bartleby (1978, d'après une nouvelle de Hermann Melville), tourné pour la télévision, mais diffusé dans les salles de cinéma, ainsi qu'un documentaire tourné dans les îles de la Sonde sur les derniers lézards géants (l'Île des Dragons, 1973).
Autres films :
Un grand patron (Y. Ciampi, 1951) ; la Jeune Folle (Y. Allégret, 1952) ; le Guérisseur (Ciampi, 1954) ; la Sorcière (A. Michel, 1956) ; Celui qui doit mourir (J. Dassin, 1957) ; Plein Soleil (R. Clément, 1960) ; le Rendez-Vous de minuit (R. Leenhardt, 1961) ; la Longue Marche (A. Astruc, 1966) ; la Ligne de démarcation (C. Chabrol, 1966) ; le Scandale (id., 1967) ; la Femme infidèle (id., 1969) ; la Piscine (J. Deray, id.) ; le Dernier Saut (E. Luntz, 1970) ; Raphaël ou le Débauché (M. Deville, 1971) ; Don Juan 73 (R. Vadim, 1973) ; Mort d'un pourri (G. Lautner, 1977) ; Beau-Père (Bertrand Blier, 1981) ; la Balance (Bob Swaim, 1982).
Après avoir étudié la neuropsychologie à l'Institut de Petrograd (1915-1917), combattu dans l'Armée rouge, s'être essayé aux professions de dentiste et de journaliste, Room se consacre au théâtre, qu'il pratiquait déjà en amateur depuis l'université. Entre 1919 et 1923, il est metteur en scène du théâtre expérimental pour l'enfance, à Saratov ; en 1923 et 1924, metteur en scène au théâtre de la Révolution à Moscou. Il débute au cinéma en 1924 avec des courts métrages excentriques publicitaires et la comédie antialcoolique ‘ Chasse aux distillateurs clandestins ’, puis, livrant coup sur coup cinq films importants, il s'affirme cinéaste de tout premier plan. La Baie de la mort (1926), dans son traitement narratif, manifeste l'influence du film d'aventures américain, mais impose sa vision de l'histoire qui puise sa force dans le lyrisme de l'espace, le « typage » des caractères, l'insolite néanmoins véridique des angles, des cadres, des effets dramatiques. Trois dans un sous-sol (1927), dont l'ample ouverture (un train roule vers Moscou) vaut bien celle de la Bête humaine de Renoir, s'enferme ensuite dans un logement ultra-exigu pour y débattre de la nouvelle morale sexuelle et de ses difficultés, thèmes repris encore dans ‘ Cahots ’ (1928). Du Fantôme qui ne revient pas (1930), on a dit excellemment qu'il fait songer à Lang par son utilisation de la géométrie, à Resnais pour le mélange vivant du passé et du présent, de l'imaginaire et du réel, à Welles pour son extraordinaire personnage de policier-mouchard en civil. En 1928, Room tournera selon le système d'Aleksandre Chorine le premier film sonore soviétique, œuvre documentaire : ‘ le Plan des grands travaux ’. Proclamant dès 1925 qu'au cinéma « la prééminence appartient aux hommes vivants », Room s'intéresse à la diversité psychologique des êtres et des sentiments ; il s'attarde sur les visages ; il pratique le découpage en continuité, le plan long (la Baie de la mort en contient un de 2 minutes et 12 secondes). Il a le don de la suggestion formelle, de la beauté plastique, de l'émotion souterraine. Ces mérites, affaiblis certes, se retrouvent encore dans Fleurs tardives, réalisé pourtant à 76 ans.
>
We Care About Your Privacy
We and our 882 partners store and access personal data, like browsing data or unique identifiers, on your device. Selecting "I Accept" enables tracking technologies to support the purposes shown under "we and our partners process data to provide," whereas selecting "Reject All" or withdrawing your consent will disable them. If trackers are disabled, some content and ads you see may not be as relevant to you. You can resurface this menu to change your choices or withdraw consent at any time by clicking the ["privacy preferences"] link on the bottom of the webpage [or the floating icon on the bottom-left of the webpage, if applicable]. Your choices will have effect within our Website. For more details, refer to our Privacy Policy.
We and our partners process data to provide:
Use precise geolocation data. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Store and/or access information on a device. Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development.
About Your Privacy
Your Privacy
Targeting Cookies
Functional Cookies
Performance Cookies
Strictly Necessary Cookies
Store and/or access information on a device 716 partners can use this purpose
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development 849 partners can use this purpose
Use precise geolocation data 269 partners can use this special feature
Actively scan device characteristics for identification 139 partners can use this special feature
Ensure security, prevent and detect fraud, and fix errors 547 partners can use this special purpose
Deliver and present advertising and content 548 partners can use this special purpose
Match and combine data from other data sources 388 partners can use this feature
Link different devices 344 partners can use this feature
Identify devices based on information transmitted automatically 520 partners can use this feature
Save and communicate privacy choices 371 partners can use this special purpose
Your Privacy
We process your data to deliver content or advertisements and measure the delivery of such content or advertisements to extract insights about our website. We share this information with our partners on the basis of consent. You may exercise your right to consent, based on a specific purpose below or at a partner level in the link under each purpose. Some vendors may process your data based on their legitimate interests, which does not require your consent. You cannot object to tracking technologies placed to ensure security, prevent fraud, fix errors, or deliver and present advertising and content, and precise geolocation data and active scanning of device characteristics for identification may be used to support this purpose. This exception does not apply to targeted advertising. These choices will be signaled to our vendors participating in the Transparency and Consent Framework.
More information
Targeting Cookies
These cookies may be set through our site by our advertising partners. They may be used by those companies to build a profile of your interests and show you relevant adverts on other sites. They do not store directly personal information, but are based on uniquely identifying your browser and internet device. If you do not allow these cookies, you will experience less targeted advertising.
Functional Cookies
These cookies enable the website to provide enhanced functionality and personalisation. They may be set by us or by third party providers whose services we have added to our pages. If you do not allow these cookies then some or all of these services may not function properly.
Performance Cookies
These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance.
Strictly Necessary Cookies
Always Active
These cookies are necessary for the website to function and cannot be switched off in our systems. They are usually only set in response to actions made by you which amount to a request for services, such as setting your privacy preferences, logging in or filling in forms. You can set your browser to block or alert you about these cookies, but some parts of the site will not then work. These cookies do not store any personally identifiable information.
Store and/or access information on a device 716 partners can use this purpose
Cookies, device or similar online identifiers (e.g. login-based identifiers, randomly assigned identifiers, network based identifiers) together with other information (e.g. browser type and information, language, screen size, supported technologies etc.) can be stored or read on your device to recognise it each time it connects to an app or to a website, for one or several of the purposes presented here.
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development 849 partners can use this purpose
Use limited data to select advertising 665 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times an ad is presented to you).
Create profiles for personalised advertising 532 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit, content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.
Use profiles to select personalised advertising 529 partners can use this purpose
Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects.
Create profiles to personalise content 235 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit, non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
Use profiles to select personalised content 209 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
Measure advertising performance 771 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
Measure content performance 384 partners can use this purpose
Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources 484 partners can use this purpose
Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising) content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).
Develop and improve services 577 partners can use this purpose
Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
Use limited data to select content 143 partners can use this purpose
Content presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type, or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times a video or an article is presented to you).
Use precise geolocation data 269 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Actively scan device characteristics for identification 139 partners can use this special feature
With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Ensure security, prevent and detect fraud, and fix errors 547 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery of content and ads and in your interaction with them.
Deliver and present advertising and content 548 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device.
Match and combine data from other data sources 388 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
Link different devices 344 partners can use this feature
Always Active
In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet connection on both devices).
Identify devices based on information transmitted automatically 520 partners can use this feature
Always Active
Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice.
Save and communicate privacy choices 371 partners can use this special purpose
Always Active
The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals (such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this service and those entities to respect such choices.