(ancien cas oblique de autre, du bas latin *alterui, datif de alter, autre)
Toute personne autre que soi-même, surtout considérée sur le plan moral ; ensemble des personnes autres que soi-même : Se dévouer à autrui.
Difficultés de autrui
EMPLOI
Autrui avec un possessif. Autrui étant par nature singulier ne peut être employé qu'en corrélation avec son, sa, ses : il rend scrupuleusement son dû à autrui (et non : *il rend scrupuleusement leur dû à autrui).
Autrui en fonction de sujet. Cet emploi est aujourd'hui admis : « En société, ce n'est pas autrui qui me fatigue et qui m'irrite ; c'est moi-même »(A. Gide). remarque En ancien français, autrui était la forme de autre en fonction de complément (« cas régime ») ; aussi n'a-t-il été longtemps admis que comme complément.
Citations avec autrui
Arthur Adamov (Kislovodsk 1908-Paris 1970) Je n'aime pas travailler, mais j'admets que les autres travaillent. Le Ping-pong, Gallimard
Émile Chartier, dit Alain (Mortagne-au-Perche 1868-Le Vésinet 1951) Nous n'avons pas toujours assez de force pour supporter les maux d'autrui. Propos sur le bonheur, Gallimard
Assemblée nationale constituante La liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui […]. Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen, Article IV
Claude Aveline (Paris 1901-Paris 1992) La mort d'autrui soumet le vivant, résigné, aux lois inévitables. La sienne, il la considère comme un assassinat. Les Mots de la fin, Hachette
François Béroalde de Verville (Paris 1556-Tours 1629) - Mais de quoi sont composées les affaires du monde ? - Du bien d'autrui. Le Moyen de parvenir
Bible Aussi es-tu sans excuses, qui que tu sois, toi qui juges. Car, en jugeant autrui, tu juges contre toi-même, puisque tu agis de même, toi qui juges. Saint Paul, Épître aux Romains, II, 1
Jacques Boutelleau, dit JacquesChardonne (Barbezieux 1884-La Frette-sur-Seine 1968) Le couple, c'est autrui à bout portant. L'Amour, c'est beaucoup plus que l'amour, Albin Michel
Eugène Grindel, dit PaulEluard (Saint-Denis 1895-Charenton-le-Pont 1952) Nous avons inventé autrui Comme autrui nous a inventé Nous avions besoin l'un de l'autre. Le Visage de la paix, 21 , Éditeurs français réunis
Épictète (Hiérapolis, Phrygie, vers 50-Nicopolis, Épire, vers 130 après J.-C.) C'est le fait d'un ignorant d'accuser les autres de ses propres échecs ; celui qui a commencé de s'instruire, s'en accuse soi-même ; celui qui est instruit n'en accuse ni autrui ni soi-même. Manuel, V (traduction J. Pépin)
André Gide (Paris 1869-Paris 1951) Le meilleur moyen pour apprendre à se connaître, c'est de chercher à comprendre autrui. Journal, Gallimard
André Gide (Paris 1869-Paris 1951) Ne peut rien pour le bonheur d'autrui celui qui ne sait être heureux lui-même. Les Nouvelles Nourritures, Gallimard
Jean de La Fontaine (Château-Thierry 1621-Paris 1695) Tel, comme dit Merlin, cuide engeigner* autrui, Qui souvent s'engeigne soi-même. Fables, la Grenouille et le Rat *duper, abuser
Jean de La Fontaine (Château-Thierry 1621-Paris 1695) Le fabricateur souverain Nous créa besaciers tous de même manière […] Il fit pour nos défauts la poche de derrière, Et celle de devant pour les défauts d'autrui. Fables, la Besace
Félicité de La Mennais (Saint-Malo 1782-Paris 1854) L'on n'estime guère dans les autres que les qualités que l'on croit posséder soi-même. Mélanges religieux et philosophiques
Commentaire L'antithèse est chez Alain dans Propos sur le bonheur.
François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (Paris 1613-Paris 1680) Il est plus aisé d'être sage pour les autres que de l'être pour soi-même. Maximes
Anne Thérèse de Marguenat de Courcelles, marquise de Lambert (Paris 1647-Paris 1733) Nous vivons avec nos défauts comme avec les odeurs que nous portons : nous ne les sentons plus ; elles n'incommodent que les autres. Avis d'une mère à sa fille et à son fils
Alain René Lesage (Sarzeau 1668-Boulogne-sur-Mer 1747) Tous les hommes aiment à s'approprier le bien d'autrui ; c'est un sentiment général ; la manière seule de le faire est différente. Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane
André Malraux (Paris 1901-Créteil 1976) Reconnaître la liberté d'un autre, c'est lui donner raison contre sa propre souffrance. La Condition humaine, Gallimard
Henry Louis Mencken (Baltimore, Maryland, 1880-Baltimore, Maryland, 1956) C'est un péché de penser du mal d'autrui, mais c'est rarement une erreur. It is a sin to believe evil of others, but it is seldom a mistake. A Book of Burlesques
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, dit Molière (Paris 1622-Paris 1673) Qui veut noyer son chien l'accuse de la rage, Et service d'autrui n'est pas un héritage. Les Femmes savantes, II, 5, Martine
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (château de Montaigne, aujourd'hui commune de Saint-Michel-de-Montaigne, Dordogne, 1533-château de Montaigne, aujourd'hui commune de Saint-Michel-de-Montaigne, Dordogne, 1592) La confiance en la bonté d'autrui est un non léger témoignage de la bonté propre. Essais, I, 14
Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (château de Montaigne, aujourd'hui commune de Saint-Michel-de-Montaigne, Dordogne, 1533-château de Montaigne, aujourd'hui commune de Saint-Michel-de-Montaigne, Dordogne, 1592) Il se faut prêter à autrui et ne se donner qu'à soi-même. Essais, III, 10
Charles de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (château de La Brède, près de Bordeaux, 1689-Paris 1755) Si on ne voulait être qu'heureux, cela serait bientôt fait. Mais on veut être plus heureux que les autres, et cela est presque toujours difficile parce que nous croyons les autres plus heureux qu'ils ne sont. Mes pensées
Jean Paulhan (Nîmes 1884-Neuilly-sur-Seine 1968) Académie française, 1963 Les seules libertés auxquelles nous soyons sensibles sont celles qui viennent jeter autrui dans une servitude équivalente. Le Bonheur dans l'esclavage, Pauvert
Alexander Pope (Londres 1688-Twickenham 1744) Je n'ai jamais connu, de ma vie, aucun homme qui ne pût supporter les malheurs d'autrui comme un parfait chrétien. Pensées sur divers sujets I never knew any man in my life who could not bear another's misfortunes perfectly like a Christian. Thoughts on Various Subjects
Jean Prévost (Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours 1901-près de Sassenage, Vercors, 1944) Me juger toujours responsable ; autrui, jamais. Les Caractères, Albin Michel
Marcel Proust (Paris 1871-Paris 1922) Un milieu élégant est celui où l'opinion de chacun est faite de l'opinion des autres. Est-elle faite du contre-pied de l'opinion des autres ? C'est un milieu littéraire. Les Plaisirs et les Jours, Gallimard
Mathurin Régnier (Chartres 1573-Rouen 1613) Sotte et fâcheuse humeur de la plupart des hommes Qui, suivant ce qu'ils sont, jugent ce que nous sommes. Satires, VII
Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve (Boulogne-sur-Mer 1804-Paris 1869) Le plus souvent, nous ne jugeons pas les autres, mais nous jugeons nos propres facultés dans les autres. Les Cahiers
Paul-Jean Toulet (Pau 1867-Guéthary 1920) Apprends à te connaître : tu t'aimeras moins, et à connaître les autres : tu ne les aimeras plus. Monsieur du Paur, homme public, Émile-Paul
Paul Valéry (Sète 1871-Paris 1945) Le moi est haïssable mais il s'agit de celui des autres. Mélange, Gallimard
Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues (Aix-en-Provence 1715-Paris 1747) Nous n'avons pas assez d'amour-propre pour dédaigner le mépris d'autrui. Réflexions et Maximes
Luc de Clapiers, marquis de Vauvenargues (Aix-en-Provence 1715-Paris 1747) Le prétexte ordinaire de ceux qui font le malheur des autres est qu'ils veulent leur bien. Réflexions et Maximes
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