(radical onomatopéique tumb-, qui évoque une chute ou un saut brusque)
1. Perdre l'équilibre et faire une chute, s'affaisser au sol ; s'abattre, crouler, s'écrouler : Se casser une jambe en tombant.Faire tomber une cloison.
Familier. Être tombé dans quelque chose (quand on était petit),
être né dans une famille, un environnement qui pratiquaient telle activité : Il est tombé dans l'art à sa naissance.
Laisser tomber quelqu'un, quelque chose,
ne plus s'y intéresser.
Laisse tomber,
se dit pour inviter quelqu'un à ne pas insister, à ne pas se mêler de quelque chose, etc.
Le jour, le soir, la nuit tombe,
le jour baisse, il va bientôt faire nuit.
Tomber à point, ou, familièrement, à pic,
arriver, survenir à un moment opportun.
Tomber aux pieds, aux genoux de quelqu'un,
se jeter à ses pieds dans une attitude de respect, de vénération, d'humilité, de supplication, etc.
Tomber bien,
pour un vêtement, avoir une bonne coupe ; être favorisé par le hasard, les circonstances : Vous tombez bien, je suis libre ; arriver ou se produire à propos : Cet héritage ne pouvait mieux tomber.
Tomber dans quelque chose,
suivre la pente qui y mène : Publication qui tombe dans la vulgarité.
Tomber de,
être atteint de quelque chose : Tomber de sommeil.
Familier. Tomber de l'armoire ou de sa chaise,
être stupéfait : Quand j'ai appris la nouvelle, j'en suis tombé de l'armoire.
Tomber des mains,
en parlant d'un livre, être d'une lecture fastidieuse, être inintéressant.
Tomber en,
indique le passage (assez brusque) d'un état à un autre : Mot tombé en désuétude.Des édifices qui tombent en ruine.
Tomber juste,
en parlant d'un calcul, être exact.
Tomber pile,
arriver, survenir à propos ; deviner juste.
Tomber sous le coup de la loi,
être passible de poursuites judiciaires.
Tomber sous quelque chose, la main, les yeux, etc.,
venir par hasard à portée de quelqu'un, d'un animal, pouvoir être saisi, appréhendé.
Tomber sur,
rencontrer quelqu'un à l'improviste, trouver, découvrir quelque chose fortuitement : Tomber sur un document capital ; être orienté, porter sur quelqu'un, quelque chose : Le sort est tombé sur le plus naïf ; avoir quelque chose par le sort, le hasard : Si je savais sur quel sujet je vais tomber ; attaquer quelqu'un par surprise ou le critiquer violemment : Si nous publions cet article, tout le monde va nous tomber dessus.
Jeux
Faire tomber une carte,
jouer de manière à obliger le joueur qui possède cette carte à la mettre sur le tapis.
Marine
Tomber sous le vent,
en parlant d'un navire, s'éloigner du lit du vent.
Avec l'auxiliaire être dans ses emplois intransitifs : je suis tombé. Avec l'auxiliaire avoir dans ses emplois transitifs : j'ai tombé la veste.
REGISTRE
L'emploi transitif de tomber, admis dans la langue du sport (le club de N. a tombé dimanche son plus dangereux concurrent pour le titre), est, dans les autres domaines, familier (tomber la veste) ou très familier (elle tombe tous les garçons qu'elle veut, elle les séduit).
CONSTRUCTION
Tomber d'accord que (+ indicatif) : ils sont tombés d'accord qu'il fallait partir très tôt.
Citations avec tomber
Victor Hugo (Besançon 1802-Paris 1885) Le coup passa si près que le chapeau tomba La Légende des siècles, Après la bataille
Victor Hugo (Besançon 1802-Paris 1885) Oh ! n'insultez jamais une femme qui tombe ! Qui sait sous quel fardeau la pauvre âme succombe ! Les Chants du crépuscule, Oh ! n'insultez jamais
Alphonse de Prât deLamartine (Mâcon 1790-Paris 1869) Borné dans sa nature, infini dans ses vœux L'homme est un dieu tombé qui se souvient des cieux. Premières Méditations poétiques, l'Homme
Un seul de ces mots prend un accent sur le « a ». Lequel ?
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