1. Sentiment d'angoisse éprouvé en présence ou à la pensée d'un danger, réel ou supposé, d'une menace (souvent dans avoir, faire peur) ; cette émotion éprouvée dans certaines situations : Trembler de peur.
3. Crainte que quelque chose, considéré comme dangereux, pénible ou regrettable, se produise (surtout dans avoir peur) : Les médecins ont peur qu'il s'agisse d'une pneumonie.
4. Crainte du jugement, des réactions de quelqu'un, qui fait qu'on adapte son comportement, qu'on obéit à certaines consignes : Elle a plus peur de son grand frère que de son père.
Avoir peur employé avec un adverbe.Avoir très peur, bien peur, trop peur → envie.
CONSTRUCTION ET REGISTRE
Avoir peur que (+ subjonctif). La locution avoir peur que se construit avec le subjonctif.
Avoir peur que + subordonnée affirmative.
Dans le registre familier, le ne explétif est souvent omis, surtout à l'oral : j'ai peur qu'il arrive trop tard.
Il s'impose, même à l'oral, dans l'expression soignée : j'ai peur qu'il n'arrive trop tard. Ne pas avoir peur que (ou, interrogatif, as-tu, a-t-il peur que...) + subordonnée affirmative.
La subordonnée ne comporte pas de ne explétif : je n'ai pas peur qu'elle m'en veuille ; auriez-vous peur qu'il boive trop ? Avoir peur que + subordonnée négative.
La subordonnée comporte le ne... pas de la négation : elle a peur qu'ils ne viennent pas ; as-tu peur qu'ils ne viennent pas ? Ne pas avoir peur que + subordonnée négative.
La subordonnée comporte le ne... pas de la négation : elle n'a pas peur qu'ils ne viennent pas, au contraire, elle préfère ; je n'ai pas peur qu'il ne réussisse pas, il s'est bien préparé.
De peur que (+ subjonctif). De peur que se construit avec le subjonctif et entraîne presque toujours l'emploi du ne explétif : rentrez vos plantes de peur qu'elles ne gèlent (bien moins courant, mais correct : de peur qu'elles gèlent).
remarque De peur que appartient à la langue soignée, ce qui explique sans doute qu'il soit rarement employé sans le ne explétif, qui relève du même registre.
Citations avec peur
Vittorio Alfieri (Asti 1749-Florence 1803) De la peur de tous naît, sous la tyrannie, la lâcheté du plus grand nombre. Dalla paura di tutti nasce nella tirannide la viltà dei più. Della tirannide, I, 4
Pierre Augustin Caron deBeaumarchais (Paris 1732-Paris 1799) Quand on cède à la peur du mal, on ressent déjà le mal de la peur. Le Barbier de Séville, II, 2
Maurice Bedel (Paris 1883-Thuré, Vienne, 1954) La peur est une récréation de la volonté, la dilection des faibles. Jérôme 60° latitude Nord, Gallimard
Henri Calet (Paris 1903-Vence 1956) Je n'ai pas peur des mots, ce sont les mots qui ont peur de moi. Acteur et témoin, Mercure de France
Alphonse Daudet (Nîmes 1840-Paris 1897) Où serait le mérite, si les héros n'avaient jamais peur ? Tartarin de Tarascon, Flammarion
abbé Ferdinando Galiani (Chieti 1728-Naples 1787) Le courage est l'effet d'une très grande peur. De fait, quand nous avons une grande peur de mourir, nous nous laissons courageusement couper une jambe. Dialogues Il coraggio è l'effetto d'una grandissima paura. Quando abbiamo infatti una gran paura di morire, ci lasciamo tagliare coraggiosamente una gamba. Dialoghi
Guy de Maupassant (château de Miromesnil, Tourville-sur-Arques, 1850-Paris 1893) La vraie peur, c'est quelque chose comme une réminiscence des terreurs fantastiques d'autrefois. Contes de la bécasse, la Peur
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