1. Action d'évaluer une grandeur d'après son rapport avec une grandeur de même espèce, prise comme unité et comme référence : La mesure du temps, des longueurs.
2. Quantité servant d'unité de base pour cette évaluation : Le mètre carré est une mesure de surface.
3. Récipient de contenance déterminée servant à mesurer des volumes : Une série de mesures anciennes en étain.
4. Moyen de comparaison et d'appréciation : L'homme est la mesure de toute chose.Trouver un adversaire à sa mesure.Le résultat est sans commune mesure avec l'effort dispensé.
5. Modération dans l'action, le comportement, le jugement, etc. : Garder une juste mesure en toute chose.
8. Application souvent notée μ qui, à chaque partie d'un ensemble donné E (espace affine par exemple), associe un nombre réel, souvent positif, telle que pour tout couple (A, B) de parties de E on ait : μ(A) + μ(B) = μ(A ∪ B) + μ(A ∩ B), et telle que μ(î) = 0.
Métrologie
9. Rapport numérique d'une grandeur à une autre grandeur de même nature prise comme unité ; repérage de la position d'une grandeur dite repérable dans une échelle admise par convention, même si l'on ne sait pas définir le rapport à une unité.
Musique
10. Division du rythme en valeurs proportionnelles (unités de temps).
11. À partir du xviiie s., groupement régulier de 2 ou 3 unités pour former des temps binaires ou ternaires de valeur égale. (La mesure comprend 1, 2, 3, 4… temps égaux.)
12. Espace compris entre deux barres de mesure, quel qu'en soit le contenu.
Versification
13. Quantité de syllabes exigée par le rythme du vers.
mesures
nom féminin pluriel
Ensemble des dimensions d'un objet ; série de dimensions qui caractérisent la taille et la conformation de quelqu'un : Nous vous ferons ce vêtement à vos mesures.
Expressions avec mesure
mesure
nom féminin
À mesure (que),
en même temps (que) : À mesure que le temps passe, les chances diminuent.
Dans la mesure où, de,
selon que, en proportion de : Je vous aiderai dans la mesure où je le pourrai.
Dans une certaine mesure,
dans une certaine proportion (atténue l'assertion précédente).
Dans une large mesure,
dans une grande proportion, jusqu'à un certain point.
en montrer pleinement l'importance ; montrer ses capacités, ce dont on est capable : Donner la mesure de son talent.
Donner (toute) sa mesure,
montrer tout ce qu'on est capable de faire.
Être en mesure de,
avoir la possibilité de faire quelque chose, être à même de : Je suis en mesure de vous fournir des preuves.
Faire bonne mesure,
donner généreusement.
Prendre la (juste) mesure de quelque chose,
en reconnaître toute l'importance.
Prendre les mesures de quelqu'un,
mesurer son corps ou une partie de son corps en vue de confectionner ou de choisir un vêtement.
Sur mesure,
se dit de vêtements, de chaussures confectionnés d'après des mesures prises sur la personne même : Costume sur mesure ; particulièrement adapté : Emploi du temps sur mesure.
Droit
Mesure d'administration judiciaire,
acte relatif au fonctionnement d'un tribunal.
Mesure d'ordre intérieur,
décision administrative sans incidence sur les droits des administrés et qui n'est pas susceptible de recours pour excès de pouvoir.
Finances
Mesures nouvelles,
modifications proposées dans le projet de budget par rapport au montant des services votés.
réel noté
égal à xB − xA, où xA et xB sont les abscisses respectives de A et B, la droite (AB) étant munie d'un repère.
Mesure d'un angle non orienté de demi-droites (respectivement de droites) d'un plan euclidien,
réel α, exprimé en radians, tel que α∈[0, π] (respectivement [0, πs2]), et dont le cosinus est égal au rapport du produit scalaire
des vecteurs directeurs des demi-droites (respectivement des droites) et du produit des normes
de ces vecteurs.
Musique
En mesure,
dans la cadence convenable à l'exécution du morceau.
Difficultés de mesure
ORTHOGRAPHE
S'écrit au singulier dans les expressions : en mesure (chanter, danser, etc., en mesure), être en mesure de, sans mesure, sur mesure, perdre toute mesure.
EMPLOI
Dans la mesure où = selon que, dans la proportion où (et non : *parce que). Nous serons correct à votre égard dans la mesure où vous aurez été vous-même correct vis-à-vis de nous. Mais : il faut lui répondre puisqu'il nous a posé la question (et non : *dans la mesure où il nous a posé la question).
Bible Corrige-nous, Yahvé, mais dans une juste mesure, sans t'irriter, pour ne pas trop nous réduire. Ancien Testament, Jérémie X, 24
Commentaire Citation empruntée à la Bible de Jérusalem.
Georges Moinaux, dit GeorgesCourteline (Tours 1858-Paris 1929) On ne saurait mieux comparer l'absurdité des demi-mesures qu'à celle des mesures absolues. La Philosophie de G. Courteline, Flammarion
Eschyle (Éleusis vers 525-Gela, Sicile, 456 avant J.-C.) La mesure est le bien suprême. Agamemnon, 378 (traduction P. Mazon)
Horace en latin Quintus Horatius Flaccus (Venusia, Apulie, 65-Rome ? 8 avant J.-C.) Il y a une juste mesure ; il y a enfin des limites précises hors desquelles ne peut se tenir le bien. Satires, I, 1, 106 Est modus in rebus, sunt certi denique fines, Quos ultra citraque nequit consistere rectum.
Étienne de La Boétie (Sarlat 1530-Germignan, Médoc, 1563) Je dis ce que mon cœur, ce que mon mal me dit. Que celui aime peu, qui aime à la mesure. Sonnets
Pierre Reverdy (Narbonne 1889-Solesmes 1960) Rares ceux qui, dans leur vie et dans leur art, savent rejoindre le tact et la mesure en passant par la démesure. En vrac, Éditions du Rocher
Quand vous écrivez en toutes lettres « 41 volailles », combien mettez-vous de traits d'union ?
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égal à xB − xA, où xA et xB sont les abscisses respectives de A et B, la droite (AB) étant munie d'un repère.
des vecteurs directeurs des demi-droites (respectivement des droites) et du produit des normes
de ces vecteurs.
