1. Sentiment de confiance en l'avenir, qui porte à attendre avec confiance la réalisation de ce qu'on désire ; espoir : Vivre dans l'espérance.L'espérance d'un bel avenir.
3. Vertu théologale par laquelle le chrétien adhère à Dieu en tant que fin suprême de l'homme afin d'obtenir la grâce divine et l'éternelle union à Dieu. (L'espérance chrétienne est fondée sur la certitude de foi dans la parole de Dieu en la personne de Jésus-Christ.)
espérances
nom féminin pluriel
1. Désir, attente, aspirations : Caresser de vastes espérances.
2.Littéraire. Ce que l'on attend sous forme d'héritage possible : Elle avait des espérances du côté d'une tante.
pour une population et une époque données, durée moyenne de la vie.
Probabilités
Espérance mathématique d'une variable aléatoire continue X,
intégrale, quand elle est absolument convergente,
f (t) désignant la densité de probabilité de la variable aléatoire X.
Espérance mathématique d'une variable aléatoire discrète X,
moyenne arithmétique pondérée des valeurs possibles xi de la variable X par leur probabilité pi :
. (On note aussi
l'espérance mathématique de X, appelée parfois moyenne.)
Citations avec espérance
Alexandre Arnoux (Digne 1884-Paris 1973) Tant qu'il y a une étincelle, il y a une espérance de brasier. Faut-il brûler Jeanne ?, Gallimard
Marcel Aymé (Joigny 1902-Paris 1967) La parole arrive à faner l'espérance. Le Chemin des écoliers, Gallimard
Maurice Bedel (Paris 1883-Thuré, Vienne, 1954) Il y a des moments où l'on croit que l'impossible est la base même de l'espérance. Le Laurier d'Apollon, Gallimard
Georges Bernanos (Paris 1888-Neuilly-sur-Seine 1948) L'espérance […] est la plus grande et la plus difficile victoire qu'un homme puisse remporter sur son âme. La Liberté, pour quoi faire ?, Gallimard
Georges Bernanos (Paris 1888-Neuilly-sur-Seine 1948) Qui n'a pas vu la route à l'aube, entre ses deux rangées d'arbres, toute fraîche, toute vivante, ne sait pas ce que c'est que l'espérance. Monsieur Ouine, Plon
Bible Bref, la foi, l'espérance et la charité demeurent toutes les trois, mais la plus grande d'entre elles, c'est la charité. Saint Paul, Épître aux Corinthiens, Ière, XIII, 13
Bible Celui qui craint le Seigneur n'a peur de rien ; il ne tremble pas, car Dieu est son espérance. Ancien Testament, Ecclésiastique XXXIV, 14
Commentaire Citation empruntée à la Bible de Jérusalem.
Louis Bourdaloue (Bourges 1632-Paris 1704) Crains, malheureux, et défie-toi de ton espérance même. Sermon sur le retardement de la pénitence
Robert Brasillach (Perpignan 1909-Montrouge 1945) Les deux seules vertus auxquelles je crois : la hauteur et l'espérance. Lettre à un soldat de la classe 60, Les Sept Couleurs
François René, vicomte de Chateaubriand (Saint-Malo 1768-Paris 1848) J'ai souvent mené en main, avec une bride d'or, de vieilles rosses de souvenirs qui ne pouvaient se tenir debout, et que je prenais pour de jeunes et fringantes espérances. Mémoires d'outre-tombe
Pierre Corneille (Rouen 1606-Paris 1684) Ma plus douce espérance est de perdre l'espoir. Le Cid, I, 2, l'infante
Dante Alighieri (Florence 1265-Ravenne 1321) Vous qui entrez, laissez toute espérance. la Divine Comédie Lasciate ogni speranza, voi ch'entrate. Divina Commedia, L'Inferno, III
Commentaire Paroles que Dante suppose gravées au sommet de la porte de l'enfer.
Euripide (Salamine 480-Pella, Macédoine, 406 avant J.-C.) Le temps ne s'occupe pas de réaliser nos espérances ; il fait son œuvre et s'envole. Héraclès, 506-507 (traduction Grégoire)
Euripide (Salamine 480-Pella, Macédoine, 406 avant J.-C.) L'homme supérieur est celui qui reste toujours fidèle à l'espérance ; ne point persévérer est d'un lâche. Héraclès, 105-106 (traduction Grégoire-Parmentier)
Gustave Flaubert (Rouen 1821-Croisset, près de Rouen, 1880) Académie française, 1880 Le souvenir est l'espérance renversée. On regarde le fond du puits comme on a regardé le sommet de la tour. Carnets
Paul Fort (Reims 1872-Argenlieu, près de Montlhéry, Essonne, 1960) Il n'est qu'une espérance. Elle revient d'exil. Ballades françaises, Sur les jolis ponts de Paris , Flammarion
Charles de Gaulle (Lille 1890-Colombey-les-Deux-Églises 1970) Vieille France, accablée d'Histoire, meurtrie de guerres et de révolutions, allant et venant sans relâche de la grandeur au déclin, mais redressée, de siècle en siècle, par le génie du renouveau ! Vieil homme, recru d'épreuves, détaché des entreprises, sentant venir le froid éternel, mais jamais las de guetter dans l'ombre la lueur de l'espérance ! Mémoires de guerre, le Salut , Plon
Jean Giono (Manosque 1895-Manosque 1970) Le poète doit être un professeur d'espérance. L'Eau vive, Gallimard
François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (Paris 1613-Paris 1680) Nous promettons selon nos espérances, et nous tenons selon nos craintes. Maximes
François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (Paris 1613-Paris 1680) L'espérance, toute trompeuse qu'elle est, sert au moins à nous mener à la fin de la vie par un chemin agréable. Maximes
Alphonse de Prât deLamartine (Mâcon 1790-Paris 1869) Mon cœur, lassé de tout, même de l'espérance N'ira plus de ses vœux importuner le sort. Premières Méditations poétiques, le Vallon
Charles Maurras (Martigues 1868-Saint-Symphorien 1952) Académie française, 1938 Une espérance collective ne peut […] pas être domptée. Chaque touffe tranchée reverdit plus forte et plus belle. Tout désespoir en politique est une sottise absolue. L'Avenir de l'intelligence, Flammarion
Charles Péguy (Orléans 1873-Villeroy, Seine-et-Marne, 1914) Ce qui m'étonne, dit Dieu, c'est l'espérance. Et je n'en reviens pas. Cette petite espérance qui n'a l'air de rien du tout. Cette petite fille espérance. Immortelle. Le Porche du mystère de la deuxième vertu, Gallimard
Marcel Proust (Paris 1871-Paris 1922) L'espérance est un acte de foi. Les Plaisirs et les Jours, Gallimard
Jean Racine (La Ferté-Milon 1639-Paris 1699) Grâce aux Dieux ! Mon malheur passe mon espérance ! Andromaque, V, 5, Oreste
Jean Racine (La Ferté-Milon 1639-Paris 1699) Mon unique espérance est dans mon désespoir. Bajazet, I, 4, Atalide
Marc Antoine Girard, sieur de Saint-Amant (Quevilly, près de Rouen, 1594-Paris 1661) Académie française, 1634 Non, je ne trouve point beaucoup de différence De prendre du tabac à vivre d'espérance, Car l'un n'est que fumée, et l'autre n'est que vent. Sonnet, Assis sur un fagot
Alfred, comte de Vigny (Loches 1797-Paris 1863) L'espérance est la plus grande de nos folies. Stello
François Marie Arouet, dit Voltaire (Paris 1694-Paris 1778) Un jour tout sera bien, voilà notre espérance ; Tout est bien aujourd'hui, voilà l'illusion. Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne
Marguerite de Crayencour, dite MargueriteYourcenar (Bruxelles 1903-Mount Desert Island, Maine [É.-U.], 1987) Le malheur est que, parfois, des souhaits s'accomplissent, afin que se perpétue le supplice de l'espérance. Denier du rêve, Plon
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