1. Obligation ou nécessité morale de répondre, de se porter garant de ses actions ou de celles des autres : Décliner toute responsabilité en cas de vol.
2. Fait d'être responsable d'une fonction : Il a la responsabilité de tout un secteur.
3. Fonction, position qui donne des pouvoirs de décision, mais implique que l'on en rende compte (surtout pluriel) : Avoir des responsabilités dans un syndicat.
4. Fait pour quelque chose d'être la cause, l'origine d'un dommage : La responsabilité de l'alcool dans beaucoup d'accidents.
Expressions avec responsabilité
Assurance de responsabilité,
assurance qui couvre les dommages causés aux tiers par le navire, mais qui ne produit d'effet qu'en cas d'insuffisance de la somme assurée par l'assurance sur corps.
Prendre ses responsabilités,
agir en pleine connaissance du fait que l'on peut être tenu pour responsable de quelque chose.
Responsabilité civile,
obligation imposée par la loi de réparer le dommage causé à autrui soit par l'inexécution d'une obligation née d'un contrat (responsabilité contractuelle), soit par un acte fautif accompli avec ou sans intention de nuire ou encore par le fait d'une personne, d'une chose ou d'un animal dont on doit répondre (responsabilité délictuelle ou quasi-délictuelle).
Responsabilité collective,
fait de considérer tous les membres d'un groupe solidairement responsables d'un fait collectif ou d'un acte commis par l'un de ses membres.
Responsabilité de la puissance publique (ou de l'Administration),
système qui permet aux particuliers d'obtenir réparation des dommages provoqués par les agents de l'Administration.
Responsabilité du fait d'autrui,
obligation de réparer les dommages causés aux tiers, qui pèse sur certaines personnes en raison de leurs liens avec l'auteur du préjudice. (Exemple : le père et la mère sont solidairement responsables du dommage causé par leurs enfants mineurs habitant avec eux.)
Responsabilité gouvernementale,
mécanisme selon lequel le gouvernement peut être amené à démissionner sous l'action du Parlement. (En France, elle est mise en œuvre devant l'Assemblée nationale par la question de confiance et la motion de censure.)
Responsabilité médicale,
obligation pour le médecin d'éviter tout dommage à son malade et, dans le cas contraire, de le réparer.
Responsabilité pénale,
obligation de répondre de ses actes délictueux et, en cas de condamnation, d'exécuter la sanction pénale prévue pour cette infraction.
Droit
Société à responsabilité limitée (S.A.R.L.),
société dont le capital est divisé en parts sociales, qui ne peuvent être cédées à des personnes étrangères à la société qu'avec le consentement de la majorité en nombre des associés représentant au moins les trois quarts du capital social, et dont les associés ne supportent les pertes que jusqu'à concurrence de leurs apports.
Citations avec responsabilité
Claude Aveline (Paris 1901-Paris 1992) Ne jamais dire : C'est leur faute. C'est toujours notre faute. Avec toi-même, etc., Mercure de France
Simone de Beauvoir (Paris 1908-Paris 1986) Une absurdité responsable d'elle-même, voilà ce que je suis. Le Sang des autres, Gallimard
Bible Celui qui a péché, c'est lui qui mourra. Un fils ne portera pas la faute de son père ni un père la faute de son fils : au juste sera imputée sa justice, et au méchant sa méchanceté. Ancien Testament, Ézéchiel XVIII, 20
Commentaire Citation empruntée à la Bible de Jérusalem.
Luigi Pirandello (Agrigente 1867-Rome 1936) Nous avons toujours besoin de rendre quelqu'un responsable de nos ennuis et de nos malheurs. Feu Mathias Pascal, XIII Noi abbiamo bisogno d'incolpar sempre qualcuno dei nostri danni e delle nostre sciagure. Il Fu Mattia Pascal, XIII
Jean Prévost (Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours 1901-près de Sassenage, Vercors, 1944) Me juger toujours responsable ; autrui, jamais. Les Caractères, Albin Michel
Paul Raynal (Narbonne 1885-Paris 1971) Chacun est pleinement responsable de tous. Le Tombeau sous l'Arc de triomphe, Stock
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (Lyon 1900-disparu en mission aérienne en 1944) Chacun est seul responsable de tous. Pilote de guerre, Gallimard
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (Lyon 1900-disparu en mission aérienne en 1944) Nul ne peut se sentir, à la fois, responsable et désespéré. Pilote de guerre, Gallimard
Jean-Paul Sartre (Paris 1905-Paris 1980) On ne fait pas ce qu'on veut et cependant on est responsable de ce qu'on est. Situations II, Gallimard
George Bernard Shaw (Dublin 1856-Ayot Saint Lawrence, Hertfordshire, 1950) Liberté implique responsabilité. C'est là pourquoi la plupart des hommes la redoutent. Liberty means responsibility. That is why most men dread it. Maxims for Revolutionists
Sophocle (Colone, près d'Athènes, entre 496 et 494 avant J.-C.-Athènes 406 avant J.-C.) La route que j'ai suivie, je l'ai suivie sans rien savoir. Œdipe à Colone, 273 (traduction Masqueray)
Sophocle (Colone, près d'Athènes, entre 496 et 494 avant J.-C.-Athènes 406 avant J.-C.) Mes actes, je les ai subis et non commis. Œdipe à Colone, 266-267 (traduction Mazon)
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