3. En France, entité territoriale créée pour tirer parti de cohérences géographiques, historiques, économiques ou sociales, dans le cadre de l'aménagement du territoire.
4. Village, agglomération : Un petit pays de quatre cents habitants.
appellation donnée, à partir de 1981, aux pays considérés comme les plus pauvres du monde.
Plat pays,
rase campagne, plaine, par opposition aux lieux accidentés ou fortifiés.
Vin de pays,
vin de table de zones de production déterminées, issu de cépages recommandés, répondant à des critères analytiques précis.
Voir du pays,
voyager.
Politique
Pays réel,
ensemble des individus d'une nation qui ne peuvent exprimer leurs choix politiques ou qui, par suite des distorsions dans le mode de désignation de ceux-ci, sont en désaccord avec les gouvernants (par opposition à pays légal).
Difficultés de pays
PRONONCIATION
[pei], comme dans la paix y règne. La prononciation [peji], comme dans treillis, est dialectale.
CONSTRUCTION
Préposition devant un nom de pays : en Albanie, en Iraq mais au Luxembourg, au Pakistan. → à.
ORTHOGRAPHE
Le Pays basque, avec un P majuscule. Les Pays-Bas, avec un P et un B majuscules et un trait d'union.
Le pays d'Auge, le pays de Bray, avec un p minuscule à pays et une majuscule au nom propre qui le suit.
Citations avec pays
Louis Aragon (Paris 1897-Paris 1982) En étrange pays dans mon pays lui-même Je sais bien ce que c'est qu'un amour malheureux. Les Yeux d'Elsa, Cahiers du Rhône
Jules Barbier (Paris 1825-Paris 1901) et Michel Carré (Paris 1819-Argenteuil 1872) Connais-tu le pays où fleurit l'oranger, Le pays des fruits d'or et des roses vermeilles ? Livret de Mignon (opéra-comique d'Ambroise Thomas)
André Billy (Saint-Quentin 1882-Fontainebleau 1971) Il y a un pays natal dans le temps comme il y en a un dans l'espace. Le Pont des Saints-Pères, Fayard
Sidonie Gabrielle Colette (Saint-Sauveur-en-Puisaye, Yonne, 1873-Paris 1954) Une femme se réclame d'autant de pays natals qu'elle a eu d'amours heureux. La Naissance du jour, Flammarion
Louis Émié (1900-1967) Un pays aussi beau que celui qu'on invente À l'âge où le désir ignore encore sa voix. Nocturnes
François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (Paris 1613-Paris 1680) L'accent du pays où l'on est né demeure dans l'esprit et dans le cœur, comme dans le langage. Maximes
Patrice de La Tour du Pin (Paris 1911-Paris 1975) Tous les pays qui n'ont plus de légende Seront condamnés à mourir de froid Une somme de poésie, Gallimard
Alphonse de Prât deLamartine (Mâcon 1790-Paris 1869) Je suis concitoyen de toute âme qui pense : La vérité, c'est mon pays. Poésies diverses, la Marseillaise de la paix
Roger Martin du Gard (Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1881-Sérigny, Orne, 1958) Où qu'il soit, où qu'il aille, l'homme continue à penser avec les mots, avec la syntaxe de son pays. Les Thibault, l'Été 1914 , Gallimard
Karl Marx (Trèves 1818-Londres 1883) Prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous ! Fin du Manifeste du parti communiste Proletarier aller Länder, vereinigt euch !
Commentaire C'est sur cette adjuration que se termine le Manifeste du parti communiste, de Karl Marx et Friedrich Engels, publié à Londres en 1847 et bientôt traduit dans toutes les langues. « Les communistes ne s'abaissent pas à dissimuler leurs opinions et leurs projets. Ils proclament ouvertement que leurs buts ne peuvent être atteints que par le renversement violent de tout l'ordre social passé. Puissent les classes dirigeantes trembler à l'idée d'une révolution communiste ! Les prolétaires n'ont rien à perdre que leurs chaînes. Ils ont un monde à gagner. Prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous ! »
Henri Michaux (Namur 1899-Paris 1984) En pays jeune, les lendemains vendent des surlendemains. Tranches de savoir, Cercle des Arts
William Pitt dit le Second Pitt (Hayes, Kent, 1759-Putney, près de Londres, 1806) Je suis déjà marié à mon pays. I am already married to my country.
Commentaire Réponse à Horace Walpole qui voulait arranger un mariage entre la future Mme de Staël et lui. Cavour dira de même : « L'Italie est mon épouse, je n'en aurai jamais d'autre. »
Arthur Rimbaud (Charleville 1854-Marseille 1891) J'aurai de l'or : je serai oisif et brutal. Les femmes soignent ces féroces infirmes retour des pays chauds. Une saison en enfer, Mauvais Sang
Jonathan Swift (Dublin 1667-Dublin 1745) Quiconque fait pousser deux épis de blé ou deux brins d'herbe sur un coin de terre où il n'y en avait qu'un auparavant […] rend de plus signalés services à son pays que toute la race des politiciens réunis. Les Voyages de Gulliver Whoever could make two ears of corn or two blades of grass to grow upon a spot of ground where only one grew before would […] do more essential service to his country than the whole race of politicians put together. Gulliver's Travels
Théophile de Viau (Clairac 1590-Paris 1626) Dans ce climat barbare où le destin me range, Me rendant mon pays comme un pays étrange […]. Élégie
Alfred, comte de Vigny (Loches 1797-Paris 1863) Tous les tableaux humains qu'un Esprit pur m'apporte S'animeront pour toi quand devant notre porte Les grands pays muets longuement s'étendront. Les Destinées, la Maison du berger
François Villon (Paris 1431-après 1463) En mon païs suis en terre loingtaine. Ballade du concours de Blois
François Marie Arouet, dit Voltaire (Paris 1694-Paris 1778) Le premier qui fut roi fut un soldat heureux ; Qui sert bien son pays n'a pas besoin d'aïeux. Mérope, I, 3, Polyphonte
Commentaire Ce dernier vers est repris presque textuellement par Voltaire de sa propre tragédie Ériphyle, 1732 (II, 1, Alcméon).
« Les opérettes que j'ai [entendu] chanter. » Comment faut-il écrire « entendu » ?
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