La conjonction ou s'écrit sans accent, ce qui la distingue de l'adverbe et pronom relatif où.
Emploi de la virgule devant ou. Deux éléments (mots, membres de phrase ou propositions) coordonnés par ou marquant une simple alternative ne sont pas séparés par une virgule : toi ou moi, peu importe ; nous irons en voiture ou en train ; ce soir, je regarderai la télévision ou je lirai le journal. - Mais, lorsqu'il y a plus de deux éléments coordonnés par ou, on emploie généralement la virgule, en particulier dans le style soigné : toi, ou moi, ou lui, peu importe ; nous irons en voiture, ou en train, ou en avion. Lorsque la conjonction ou coordonne deux propositions dont les sujets sont différents, elle est généralement précédée par une virgule, en particulier dans le style soigné : tu peux afficher toi-même ces informations, ou Pierre s'en chargera ; la sagesse l'a emporté sur la colère, ou la lassitude a eu raison de sa combativité.
Cependant, lorsque les propositions sont brèves, la virgule est souvent omise : ici, tout l'automne le vent souffle ou la pluie tombe. Lorsque la conjonction ou est répétée devant chacun des termes coordonnés (ou a le sens de soit..., soit), la virgule précède chacun des ou sauf le premier : il est ou dans son bureau, ou au service commercial, ou à l'atelier ; il doit ou accepter ces conditions, ou démissionner. Lorsque la conjonction ou a le sens de « ou même, ou plutôt, ou du moins... », elle est précédée par une virgule : sera-t-il remplacé en cas de départ, ou en cas d'absence prolongée ? (= ou du moins) ; ton étourderie, ou ta négligence, te perdra (= ou plutôt). Lorsque la conjonction ou coordonne des propositions ou des termes qui s'opposent par le sens (ou a le sens de « sinon »), elle est précédée par une virgule : il arrivera ce soir même, ou nous devrons l'attendre longtemps encore ; il faut absolument arriver à ce résultat, ou le succès même de l'opération est compromis. Lorsque la conjonction ou introduit une équivalence, une explication ou une traduction (ou a le sens de « c'est-à-dire »), elle est précédée par une virgule : la spirée, ou reine-des-prés, a des fleurs odoriférantes (en cours de phrase, l'équivalence est encadrée par des virgules).
ACCORD
Accord du verbe. Après deux noms au singulier unis par ou, le verbe se met au singulier ou au pluriel, selon que l'un des termes exclut l'autre ou que la conjonction a un sens voisin de et. On écrit : la France ou l'Australie accueillera les prochains championnats du monde (c'est-à-dire : soit un pays, soit l'autre) ; mais : pour ce tonnage, un camion ou une camionnette conviennent (c'est-à-dire : l'un et l'autre sont adaptés). - Si ou ne fait qu'indiquer une équivalence entre deux termes, l'accord se fait avec le premier de ceux-ci : le naja, ou cobra, est un serpent venimeux ; les îles Sorlingues, ou îles Scilly, sont situées à l'ouest de la Cornouailles.
Accord de l'adjectif. Si l'adjectif se rapporte à un seul des deux noms unis par ou, il s'accorde avec le nom auquel il se rapporte : une veste en cuir ou en laine épaisse. - Si l'adjectif se rapporte aux deux noms unis par ou, il se met au pluriel (au masculin pluriel si les deux noms sont de genres différents) : une perceuse ou une scie électriques ; on recrute un ouvrier ou une ouvrière qualifiés.
EMPLOI
Ou et ni. Ou ne peut être employé que dans une phrase affirmative. Dans une phrase négative, on emploie ni : vous pouvez l'approuver ou le blâmer ; mais : je ne peux ni l'approuver ni le blâmer (et non *je ne peux pas l'approuver ou le blâmer).
Ou dans une approximation(trois ou quatre, trois à sept). → à
Parmi ces locutions, laquelle comporte un adjectif s'accordant en nombre avec le nom ?
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