1. Ensemble de traits communs à des êtres ou à des choses caractérisant et constituant un type, un groupe, un ensemble ; sorte, espèce : Aimez-vous ce genre de spectacles ?Je n’apprécie pas trop ce genre d’individu.
3. Catégorie d'œuvres littéraires ou artistiques définie par un ensemble de règles et de caractères communs ; style, ton d'un ouvrage : Le genre oratoire.
4. Ensemble d'êtres vivants, situé, dans la classification, entre la famille et l'espèce, et groupant des espèces très voisines désignées par le même nom latin : nom générique suivi d'un nom spécifique, propre à l'espèce. (Exemple : le genre canis renferme l'espèce Canis lupus [le loup], l'espèce C. vulpes [le renard] et l'espèce C. familiaris [le chien].)
Beaux-arts
5. Catégorie définie par la nature du sujet traité par l'artiste.
Linguistique
6. Catégorie grammaticale fondée sur la répartition des noms en deux ou trois classes (masculin, féminin, neutre) selon un certain nombre de propriétés formelles (genre grammatical) auxquelles on associe le plus souvent des critères sémantiques relevant de la représentation des objets du monde (genre naturel).
Philosophie
7. Dans la philosophie d'Aristote, caractère commun à tous les objets d'une science, ou classe de ces objets.
Sociologie
8. (Calque de l'anglais gender.) Concept qui renvoie à la dimension identitaire, historique, politique, sociale, culturelle et symbolique des identités sexuées. (Cette notion récente est en constante évolution.)
Expressions avec genre
Avoir bon genre, mauvais genre, avoir un drôle de genre,
avoir une allure distinguée, vulgaire ; avoir une allure bizarre ; être bien, mal élevé.
C'est, ce n'est pas mon genre,
c'est, ce n'est pas dans mes habitudes, dans mes goûts : Ce n'est pas son genre d'être en retard.
Dans (en) son genre,
dans la catégorie dont fait partie quelqu'un ou quelque chose ; à sa façon : Il est unique en son genre.
En tout genre, en tous genres,
de toute(s) sorte(s).
Familier. Faire du genre, se donner un genre,
avoir des manières affectées, de l'affectation.
Genre humain,
ensemble des hommes, humanité.
Identité de genre,
sentiment d’appartenance à un genre. (L’identité de genre ne correspond pas forcément au sexe assigné à la naissance et peut sortir du cadre binaire. L’appellation tend à remplacer celle d’identité sexuelle, jugée trop restrictive.
Mélange des genres,
combinaison de styles ou d’influences différents (en art, notamment) : Dans son nouvel opus, l’artiste a réussi un savant mélange des genres entre rock, pop et jazz ; figuré et péjoratif, jeu d’influences réciproques entre des milieux dont la déontologie voudrait qu’ils restent indépendants les uns des autres : Le mélange des genres entre la politique, le monde des affaires et les médias exaspère les électeurs.
Mélanger les genres,
mêler des tons, des styles différents ; faire interférer dans un problème des considérations qui ne conviennent pas au style de la discussion.
Un genre de,
une sorte de (indiquant une analogie, une ressemblance, une approximation) : Ce chapeau était un genre de bonnet.
Beaux-arts
Grand genre ou genre historique,
le genre noble, la peinture d'histoire.
Peinture de genre,
catégorie picturale comprenant les scènes de caractère anecdotique, familier, intime ou populaire.
Synonyme :
scène de mœurs
Géographie
Genre de vie,
combinaison de pratiques culturelles et techniques, consolidées par la tradition, caractérisant le mode d'existence d'un groupe humain individualisé dans un cadre spatial donné.
Musique
Genre musical,
ensemble de formes de même caractère, réunies par leur destination (exemple musique de chambre) ou par leur fonction (exemple musique sacrée).
Sociologie
Études de genre (anglicisme gender studies),
domaine des sciences sociales consacré à l'étude du genre. (On trouve aussi l'expression polémique théorie du genre.) [Les études de genre ont été initiées à la fin du xxe s. dans le prolongement des mouvements féministes et/ou homosexuels américains.]
En ou de tout genre, en ou de tous genres : les deux orthographes sont admises. La vente rassemble des amateurs de tout genre. Dubois et fils, pièces mécaniques en tous genres.
Genre de (+ nom) : le nom qui suit genre est au singulier ou au pluriel selon que l'on met en relief un être déterminé ou la catégorie à laquelle il appartient. Ce genre d'individu ne m'intéresse pas (= un individu de ce genre). J'aime ce genre de jardins à l'anglaise (= j'aime les jardins de ce genre) ; en revanche, le verbe est toujours au singulier : ce genre de jardins a un charme secret (et non : *ce genre de jardins ont un charme secret).
Citations avec genre
Victor Hugo (Besançon 1802-Paris 1885) Qu'est-ce que le genre humain depuis l'origine des siècles ? C'est un liseur. Il a longtemps épelé, il épelle encore ; bientôt il lira. William Shakespeare
Lucain en latin Marcus Annaeus Lucanus (Cordoue 39 après J.-C.-Rome 65) Le genre humain vit grâce à quelques hommes. Pharsale, V, 343 Humanum paucis vivit genus.
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, dit Molière (Paris 1622-Paris 1673) Je veux qu'on me distingue ; et pour le trancher net, L'ami du genre humain n'est point du tout mon fait. Le Misanthrope, I, 1, Alceste
Charles de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu (château de La Brède, près de Bordeaux, 1689-Paris 1755) Si je savais quelque chose qui me fût utile et qui fût préjudiciable à ma famille, je le rejetterais de mon esprit. Si je savais quelque chose utile à ma famille et qui ne le fût pas à ma patrie, je chercherais à l'oublier. Si je savais quelque chose utile à ma patrie et qui fût préjudiciable à l'Europe, ou bien qui fût utile à l'Europe et préjudiciable au genre humain, je la regarderais comme un crime. Mes pensées
Roger Nimier (Paris 1925-Garches 1962) Un homme sans projets est l'ennemi du genre humain. Amour et néant, Gallimard
Jean Paulhan (Nîmes 1884-Neuilly-sur-Seine 1968) Académie française, 1963 Si les règles et les genres ont jamais été imaginés, c'était pour assurer à l'esprit humain sa pleine liberté, pour lui permettre les cris, et la surprise, et le chant profond. La Rhétorique renaît de ses cendres, Cercle du livre précieux
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