Cet article est extrait de l'ouvrage Larousse « Dictionnaire mondial des littératures ».
Prophète biblique du viiie s. av. J.-C., le premier dont le message a été conservé sous la forme d'un livre.
Il était originaire de Juda, mais il a exercé son ministère prophétique à Samarie vers 750. Amos appartient à la classe moyenne et semble avoir été en contact avec le milieu des sages. Le Royaume du Nord connaît alors une ère de prospérité qui ne profite qu'à certains. Le prophète dénonce avec vigueur l'injustice sociale. Il critique aussi l'hypocrisie et le formalisme du sanctuaire national à Bethel (VII, 10). Son message a été mal reçu par les autorités de Samarie qui l'ont expulsé du pays. Au Moyen Âge, Savonarole de Florence critique les autorités romaines dans ses célèbres sermons sur le livre d'Amos.
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