8. Partie du fond de vallée où s'écoulent les eaux d'un cours d'eau. (On distingue le lit majeur, ou plaine inondable, occupé par les eaux seulement lors des crues, et le lit apparent, dit aussi mineur, ordinaire ou permanent.)
Bâtiment
9. Surface d'une assise de pierres de taille.
10. Intervalle de deux assises superposées, rempli ou non de liant.
Chimie
11. Couche de matières divisées, généralement peu épaisse. (On distingue les lits fixes et les lits fluidisés.)
Géologie
12. Plus petite subdivision lithologique d'une formation sédimentaire.
Mines
13. Séparation naturelle de la masse de roche en bancs, selon une direction horizontale ou oblique.
Mobilier et décoration
14. Rideaux, draperies qui garnissent un lit (par exemple lit d'indienne).
Expressions avec lit
Aller, se mettre, être au lit,
se coucher, être couché.
Au saut du lit,
au moment du réveil, du lever.
Littéraire. Avoir le lit et le couvert chez quelqu'un,
y être hébergé.
Du même lit, du premier, du second lit,
nés du même mariage, d'un premier, d'un second mariage.
Être cloué au lit, garder le lit,
être malade.
Familier. Être tombé du lit,
se lever tôt ou plus tôt que de coutume.
Littéraire. Faire le lit de,
favoriser, volontairement ou non, le développement d'un phénomène jugé néfaste.
Faire lit à part,
coucher séparément, en parlant de deux époux.
Faire un lit,
y disposer les draps et les couvertures pour qu'on puisse s'y coucher ; rabattre les draps, couvertures et dessus-de-lit pour la journée.
Lit de parade,
lit sur lequel on expose un mort de haut rang avant son inhumation.
Mourir dans son lit,
mourir chez soi d'une mort naturelle.
Tirer, sortir quelqu'un du lit,
l'obliger à se lever.
Bâtiment
Lit rayonnant ou lit en coupe,
pan oblique par lequel un claveau s'appuie sur le claveau voisin.
Pose sur lit,
pose d'un bloc réalisée de telle sorte que le plan moyen correspondant aux lits de carrière du bloc soit horizontal dans le cas d'une assise, perpendiculaire à la courbe dans le cas d'un arc.
Contraire :
pose en délit
Eaux et assainissement
Lit bactérien,
couche de matériaux très divisés sur laquelle ruissellent les eaux usées pendant que se développent les micro-organismes qui en assurent l'épuration.
Lit de séchage,
couche de matériaux granuleux qui favorise l'égouttage et le séchage des boues résiduaires.
Histoire
Lit de justice,
dans la France de l'Ancien Régime, séance solennelle du parlement qui avait lieu en présence du roi, et permettait notamment à celui-ci d'imposer sa volonté (enregistrement d'édits contraignants, par exemple).
Hydrologie
Lit majeur,
occupé par les eaux d'un cours d'eau seulement lors des crues.
Lit mineur ou apparent,
occupé par les eaux d'un cours d'eau en dehors des périodes de crue.
Marine
Lit du courant,
endroit où le courant a le plus de force.
Lit du vent,
direction dans laquelle souffle le vent.
Médecine
Lit mécanique,
lit muni d'un dispositif d'élévation au moyen duquel les malades et blessés qui doivent rester allongés sur le dos sont soulevés.
Lit orthopédique,
lit permettant de placer les malades dans l'inclinaison et la position voulues.
Mines
En lit,
se dit d'une dalle, d'un morceau obtenus par sciage parallèle au lit. (La résistance à l'écrasement d'un tel élément sera, en général, supérieure à celle d'un élément taillé en délit.)
Mobilier et décoration
Lit de bout ou à la française,
lit à un seul dosseret (chevet), placé perpendiculairement au mur.
Lit de jour ou de repos,
petite couche basse dont il a existé de nombreuses variétés (chaise longue, duchesse, sultane, méridienne, divan).
Lit de travers ou à la polonaise,
lit à deux dosserets (chevet, pied), placé en long contre un mur.
Lit parapluie,
lit d'appoint pour bébé, aux parois souples, tendues sur une armature pliable (autrefois à la manière d'un parapluie).
On écrit, avec le complément au pluriel : un lit de roses, un lit de cailloux (= un lit fait avec des roses ; une couche, une assise constituée par des cailloux). - Avec le complément au singulier : des lits de plume, de feuillage, de mousse (= des lits faits avec de la plume, du feuillage, de la mousse).
Un lit gigogne, sans trait d'union. - Plur. : des lits gigognes, comme des lits jumeaux.
Un lit-cage, avec un trait d'union. - Plur. : des lits-cages.
Citations avec lit
Charles Baudelaire (Paris 1821-Paris 1867) Nous aurons des lits pleins d'odeurs légères, Des divans profonds comme des tombeaux […]. Les Fleurs du Mal, la Mort des amants
Jean Pellerin (Pontcharra, Isère, 1895-Le Châtelard 1921) Glissant du lit, que tes lisses Jambes nous suggèrent les Chiffres inscrits aux caprices Des mondes émerveillés ! Le Bouquet inutile, Gallimard
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